This year's Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to American scientists Mary Branco and Fred Ramsdale, and Japanese Shimon Sagaguchi for their research on peripheral immune tolerance.

It is a mechanism of the immune system that prevents the body from producing an unwanted or excessive immune response against its own components (self-antigens) and non-harmful foreign substances (e.g., certain food components, beneficial intestinal bacteria).

The Karolinska Institute announced the names of this year's Nobel laureates in medicine from Stockholm, Sweden, at 3:30 pm Bangladesh time on Monday.

The Nobel laureates will receive a medal, a certificate and a total of 11 million or 11 million Swedish kronor. In categories where there are multiple Nobel laureates, these 11 million Swedish kronor will be divided among them. In the current market, its value is about 1.2 million US dollars, or about 146.1 million taka in Bangladeshi currency.

The Nobel Prize in Medicine is announced each year by the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, while the Nobel Prize in Physics and Chemistry is announced by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.